/* =========================================================================
   How To Tie a Tie — Foundations
   Editorial / institutional. Off-white paper, ink-black type, sparing accent.
   ========================================================================= */

@import url("https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Source+Serif+4:ital,opsz,wght@0,8..60,300..900;1,8..60,300..900&family=Inter+Tight:wght@300;400;500;600;700&family=JetBrains+Mono:wght@400;500&display=swap");

:root {
  /* ---------- Color: paper & ink ---------- */
  --paper:        #F6F3EE;   /* primary background — warm off-white */
  --paper-2:      #EDE8DF;   /* sunken / sidebar paper */
  --paper-3:      #E2DCD0;   /* hairline panel */
  --ink:          #111111;   /* primary type */
  --ink-2:        #2B2A28;   /* secondary type */
  --ink-3:        #5A5854;   /* tertiary / captions */
  --ink-4:        #8A8780;   /* meta, disabled */
  --rule:         #D6D0C2;   /* hairline rules */
  --rule-strong:  #2B2A28;   /* heavy section divider */

  /* ---------- Color: accents (use sparingly) ---------- */
  --accent:       #1B2A4E;   /* deep ink blue — links, small marks */
  --accent-soft:  #2A3D6B;   /* hover */
  --emphasis:     #8C3A2B;   /* brick — donate / urgent CTA only */
  --emphasis-2:   #6E2D21;
  --highlight:    #F0E7C8;   /* annotation / quote highlight */

  /* ---------- Semantic surfaces ---------- */
  --bg:           var(--paper);
  --bg-sunken:    var(--paper-2);
  --fg:           var(--ink);
  --fg-muted:     var(--ink-3);
  --fg-meta:      var(--ink-4);
  --border:       var(--rule);
  --border-strong:var(--rule-strong);
  --link:         var(--accent);
  --link-hover:   var(--accent-soft);

  /* ---------- Type families ---------- */
  --font-serif:   "Source Serif 4", "Source Serif Pro", "Charter", "Iowan Old Style", Georgia, serif;
  --font-sans:    "Inter Tight", "Inter", -apple-system, "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif;
  --font-mono:    "JetBrains Mono", "SFMono-Regular", Menlo, Consolas, monospace;

  /* ---------- Type scale (editorial; modular ~1.25) ---------- */
  --fs-xs:    12px;
  --fs-sm:    14px;
  --fs-base:  17px;   /* body — generous for readability */
  --fs-md:    19px;
  --fs-lg:    22px;
  --fs-xl:    28px;
  --fs-2xl:   36px;
  --fs-3xl:   48px;
  --fs-4xl:   64px;
  --fs-5xl:   84px;
  --fs-6xl:  120px;   /* hero / drop figure */

  --lh-tight:   1.05;
  --lh-snug:    1.18;
  --lh-body:    1.55;
  --lh-loose:   1.7;

  --tracking-display: -0.02em;
  --tracking-body:    0;
  --tracking-label:   0.14em;   /* small caps labels */
  --tracking-meta:    0.06em;

  /* ---------- Spacing (8pt with 4 half-step) ---------- */
  --sp-0: 0;
  --sp-1: 4px;
  --sp-2: 8px;
  --sp-3: 12px;
  --sp-4: 16px;
  --sp-5: 24px;
  --sp-6: 32px;
  --sp-7: 48px;
  --sp-8: 64px;
  --sp-9: 96px;
  --sp-10:128px;

  /* ---------- Layout ---------- */
  --measure:        66ch;     /* ideal reading width */
  --measure-narrow: 52ch;
  --gutter:         var(--sp-7);
  --container:      1200px;

  /* ---------- Radii (very small — editorial, almost-zero) ---------- */
  --r-0: 0;
  --r-1: 2px;
  --r-2: 4px;
  --r-3: 6px;
  --r-pill: 999px;

  /* ---------- Shadows (restrained) ---------- */
  --shadow-1: 0 1px 0 rgba(17,17,17,0.06);
  --shadow-2: 0 1px 2px rgba(17,17,17,0.06), 0 4px 12px rgba(17,17,17,0.04);
  --shadow-3: 0 2px 4px rgba(17,17,17,0.08), 0 12px 32px rgba(17,17,17,0.08);

  /* ---------- Motion ---------- */
  --ease-out:  cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.2, 1);
  --ease-in-out: cubic-bezier(0.5, 0, 0.2, 1);
  --dur-1: 120ms;
  --dur-2: 220ms;
  --dur-3: 360ms;
}

/* =========================================================================
   Base reset (light)
   ========================================================================= */
*, *::before, *::after { box-sizing: border-box; }
html, body { margin: 0; padding: 0; }
body {
  background: var(--bg);
  color: var(--fg);
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  font-size: var(--fs-base);
  line-height: var(--lh-body);
  font-feature-settings: "kern", "liga", "onum";
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
  text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;
}

/* =========================================================================
   Semantic typography
   ========================================================================= */

.h-display, h1.display {
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  font-weight: 400;
  font-size: clamp(48px, 8vw, var(--fs-5xl));
  line-height: var(--lh-tight);
  letter-spacing: var(--tracking-display);
  font-optical-sizing: auto;
}

h1, .h1 {
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  font-weight: 500;
  font-size: var(--fs-3xl);
  line-height: var(--lh-tight);
  letter-spacing: var(--tracking-display);
  margin: 0 0 var(--sp-5) 0;
}

h2, .h2 {
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  font-weight: 500;
  font-size: var(--fs-2xl);
  line-height: var(--lh-snug);
  letter-spacing: var(--tracking-display);
  margin: var(--sp-7) 0 var(--sp-4) 0;
}

h3, .h3 {
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  font-weight: 600;
  font-size: var(--fs-xl);
  line-height: var(--lh-snug);
  margin: var(--sp-6) 0 var(--sp-3) 0;
}

h4, .h4 {
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-weight: 600;
  font-size: var(--fs-md);
  line-height: var(--lh-snug);
  margin: var(--sp-5) 0 var(--sp-2) 0;
}

p, .p {
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  font-size: var(--fs-base);
  line-height: var(--lh-body);
  margin: 0 0 var(--sp-4) 0;
  text-wrap: pretty;
}

.lede {
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  font-size: var(--fs-lg);
  line-height: 1.45;
  color: var(--ink-2);
  font-style: italic;
}

.label, .eyebrow {
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-size: var(--fs-xs);
  font-weight: 600;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: var(--tracking-label);
  color: var(--ink-3);
}

.meta, .caption {
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-size: var(--fs-sm);
  color: var(--ink-3);
  letter-spacing: var(--tracking-meta);
}

.ui {
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-size: var(--fs-sm);
  letter-spacing: 0;
}

a, .link {
  color: var(--link);
  text-decoration: underline;
  text-decoration-thickness: 1px;
  text-underline-offset: 3px;
  transition: color var(--dur-1) var(--ease-out);
}
a:hover { color: var(--link-hover); }

blockquote, .pull-quote {
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  font-style: italic;
  font-size: var(--fs-xl);
  line-height: 1.35;
  color: var(--ink);
  border-left: 2px solid var(--ink);
  padding-left: var(--sp-5);
  margin: var(--sp-6) 0;
  max-width: var(--measure-narrow);
}

code, .mono {
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: 0.92em;
}

hr, .rule {
  border: 0;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--rule);
  margin: var(--sp-6) 0;
}
.rule-strong { border-top-color: var(--rule-strong); }

/* Drop cap utility for editorial intros */
.dropcap::first-letter {
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  font-weight: 500;
  float: left;
  font-size: 5.2em;
  line-height: 0.85;
  padding: 6px 10px 0 0;
  margin-top: 4px;
}

/* Small-caps section label */
.smallcaps {
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  font-variant-caps: all-small-caps;
  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
  font-feature-settings: "smcp", "c2sc";
}